Fertilization


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Fertilization

Fertilization- The fusion of male and female sex cells is called fertilization.

Fertilization in Plants:

The main function of the flower is to produce fruits and seeds. The fruits and seed are formed in a flower by the process of pollination. Successful pollination is followed fertilization in plants.Pollen grain (male gamete) which falls and sticks to the stigma starts to germinate. It starts developing a pollen tube which grows downwards into the style. The pollen tube carries the male gamete through the style into the ovary, The gamete then enters an ovule which contains  the female gamete or egg. These male female gametes fuse together and form fertilised egg or the zygote. This fusion of male and female gametes in the ovum called fertilisation. The other parts of the flower such as the sepals, petals and stamens fall off. Sometimes, style and stigma also fall off and only the ovary remains there after fertilisation. Ovary grows into fruit and ovules grow into seeds.

After pollination, stigma secretes nutrients-

  • Pollen grain absorbs these nutrients and starts growing. 
  • A thin tube grows out of the pollen grain.
  • It keeps growing till it reaches the ovule inside the ovary and enters it.
  • Once the pollen tube reaches the ovule, the male gametes is released and it fuses with female gametes.
  • The process of fusion of male and female gametes is called fertilization. A zygote is formed after fertilization take place.
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    Sample Questions
    (More Questions for each concept available in Login)
    Question : 1

    The common passage meant for transporting urine and sperm in males is _________________

    Right Option : D
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    Explanation
    Question : 2

    Internal fertilization occurs:

    Right Option : A
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    Explanation
    Question : 3

    Animals laying eggs are known as ____________________

    Right Option : A
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    Explanation
     
     


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